Math Mathematics Composite Score Of 89 Falls At The 23rd...

MATH EE104’s Mathematics Composite score of 89 falls at the 23rd percentile and is within the average range. This score represents EE104’s ability to solve math problems using basic skills and problem solving. The Math Fluency Composite measures the written mathematic calculation fluency, accuracy, and speed. EE104’s score of 92 falls at the 23rd percentile and is within the average range. Task Analysis EE104 was able to identify numbers. He could look at a list of numbers and identify which number was larger and which number was smaller. He was able to correctly utilize a calendar, and EE104 was able to correctly calculate single digit addition and subtraction. On the fluency subtests, EE104 was asked to complete a set of single digit†¦show more content†¦EE104 was able to use prepositions to write sentences at the same ability as his same aged peers. EE104 was not able to generate a sentence using the prepositions â€Å"or† or â€Å"of†. EE104 consistently used a period at the end of every sentence. EE104 was sometimes able to correctly combine two simple sentences into one sentence. He struggled to combine more complicated sentences and three sentences into one sentence. He had some challenges with spelling. For example, he wrote â€Å"teth† instead of tenth and â€Å"famly† for family. READING The Reading Comprehension and Fluency composite measures EE104’s ability to read words out loud quickly and his ability to read, to understand, and to answer questions about written text. EE104 scored a 91 which is within the average range. His scores indicate that EE104’s reading abilities are within the average range for his age. Task Analysis On the reading comprehension subtest, EE104 was able to read a passage, and then answer questions about the passage. EE104 was able to read words correctly from a passage at a rate that is average compared to peers his age. EE104 mixed up a few words that looked similar. For example, he said â€Å"flapper† instead of flipper and â€Å"branches† instead of beaches. EE104 sometimes added suffixes to words when reading aloud. For example, he said â€Å"bringing† instead of bring and â€Å"younger† instead of young. EE102’s average reading scores are reflective of his DIBELS scores, which are on grade level. Summary: EE102 is aShow MoreRelatedHsc General Math Textbook with Answers153542 Words   |  615 PagesWitte Typeset by Aptara Corp. Printed in China by Printplus Limited. National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication data Powers, G. K. (Gregory K.) Cambridge HSC general mathematics / G. K. Powers. 9780521138345 (pbk.) Cambridge general mathematics. For secondary school age. Mathematics–Textbooks. Mathematics–Problems, exercises, etc. 510 ISBN 978-0-521-13834-5 Paperback Reproduction and Communication for educational purposes The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum

The Effects Of Forced Migration On The United Nations

In Recent times, migration has become common, and the reason for migration is often access to better education and the cleaner environment. However, some migration is not by choice. Forced migration occurs in a less stable region due to the war or environment problem. The term forced migration refers to those who are compelled to leave their own town or country. This essay will explain the impacts of forced migration, particularly refugees. The definition of refugee, which is given by the united nations (as cited in Forced Migration,2011), is someone who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, conflict, or natural disaster. Focus on this definition, it means the war and the natural disaster are problems which can make refugees. It will focus on adult mental health, human rights and child issues. Initially, one of the issues faced by refugees is mental health. There is a report written by Fazel, Reed, Brick and Stein, which is published online (2011). They mentioned that the refugee who is separated from the families are tolerated the damage both from the heart and physical part. Focusing on this aspect, there are some graphs given in the report, which are about the basic information of refugee and the mental health condition of them. Basic on the table, it can be found that the refugee children cannot accommodate the social environment in the new country easily. Mental illnesses such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder have alwaysShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking: Searching for a Solution1437 Words   |  6 Pagesthe fishing boats or trawlers. On the trawlers many men are forced to work without pay under the impression that they owe money. The men come from neighboring countries of Cambodia and Burma. Among many boats, abuse is a normal practice to keep the men detained and to continue forcing them to work. There are many issues surrounding the human trafficking on trawlers, but with the issues there are solutions and restrictions to the forced labor of the men on these boats. Thailand’s labor protectionRead MoreFilm Review : Human Trafficking1508 Words   |  7 Pagesvictims fall into the vicious circle of human trafficking, which does not just include sexual exploitation. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), human trafficking includes â€Å"exploiting the prostitution of others, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery or similar practices and the removal of organs.† In an event hosted at the United Nations Headquarters, the president of the General Assembly, Mr. John W. Ashe addressed human trafficking issues in the modern worldRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Migration to Australia Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe Australian Oxford mini dictionary (2006, p.318) states that, migration is the movement from one place; especially a country, to settle in another. As stated by Mulvany Caroll (2003, p.28) during the past ten decades the Australian Government has tried various ways of enticing people to immigrate to Australia. Australia is one of the most multicultural countries in the world. According to Mulvany Caroll, â€Å"The number of countries represented by people coming to Australia is a lot greater todayRead MoreThe Refugee Crisis : The Refugee Crisis1286 Words   |  6 Pages According to the European Commission, globally there is â€Å"one displaced person every second† (â€Å"Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons†). Displacement is known as forced removal from a particular area, which creates an influx of people seeking safety in neighboring places. These people are known as refugees. Generally, these refugees are affected by conflicts, violence, human rights violations, persecution, or natural disasters in their locality, which makes it necessary for them to move to a moreRead MoreThe Impact Of Westward Expansion On The United States1571 Words   |  7 Pagesunaware that it would have the opposite effect. Jefferson’s fateful decision to expand the United States nearly destroyed the Republic that Americans worked so hard to build. It triggered the rise of divisions amongst Americans. These small cracks continued to grow and tear at the seams of the nation. Although westward expansion between 1800 and 1848 granted many new opportunities to the American people, it also brought about tension that plagued the nation for years to come. Some historians mayRead MoreThe Legalization Of Illegal Immigration1541 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the illegal immigration There were 19.5 million refugees worldwide at the end of 2014, 14.4 million under the mandate of UNHCR, around 2.9 million more than in 2013. Illegal immigration, is the migrations of people across national borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination country, most of the time the illegal immigrant moves from a poorer to a richer country, however, it is also noted that illegal immigrants tend not to be the poorest within their population.Read MoreA Brief Note On Climate Justice And Accountability1585 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Justice and Accountability One portion of the Paris Agreement that will be critical to uphold is the $100 billion pledge from developed countries to developing countries to combat the effects of climate change. Specifically, this pledge would provide compensation for the millions of people a year who are displaced from their homes because of natural disasters, the overwhelming majority being from developing countries. The promise will increase to $600 billion by 2025 but does little to counterRead MoreThe Influence Of The Americas1402 Words   |  6 Pagescontinue to do so. However, on the rise, the Americas were never as strong as they were to be presently. Ranging from the 1750’s up to present day, the shifting of influential ideologies, the copious amounts of political change, external and internal migration, wars, urbanization, industrialization, and militarization all play a part in the development of the Americas we know today. Being a global superpower did not come to us overnight, but rather t hrough centuries of hard work and perseverance, thatRead MoreGlobalization Is A For The Mass Movement Of Labor1417 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization currently constitutes for the mass movement of labor especially from developing to developed nations. However, some aspects of globalization have resulted to the formation of structures that have resulted to exploitation and domination of labor force (Mohanty, 2013). Notably, when movement of labor is involved, issues about gender inequality arises and other aspects such as sexism, and racism as facets of colonialism in the current global economic era. For instance, women from developingRead MoreImmigration Policies During Mexican Immigration Across The Border From The Mid 20th Century Into The 21st Century1627 Words   |  7 Pages To what extent have United States immigration policies contributed to the fluctuating trends in Mexican immigration across the border from the mid-20th century into the 21st century? Alejandra Estrada Professor Sarah Lischer POL 251 To what extent have United States immigration policies contributed to the fluctuating trends in Mexican immigration across the border from the mid-20th century into the 21st century? This report is centralized around two main arguments. The first argument

Role Of Human Resource Management Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Role Of Human Resource Management. Answer: Introduction The report analyses and evaluates the significance and impact of the sustainable human resource management. Woolworths Company has been selected to analyze and measure the key issues of the human resource department. The report talks about the various key challenges that are faced by the company since its development and it also explains that how to overcome these challenges. It contains information about the company requirements, strategies, and its results. Woolworths is an Australian supermarkets company which deals in retail and supermarket products. It was founded on 5 December 1924 and its headquarters is located in Bella Vista, New South Wales, Australia. Mostly, the company is selling the groceries products such as vegetables, meat, fruits and packaged food etc. Apart from these products, the firm also sells the various magazines, stationery items, and DVDs. Currently, the firm manages 1000 stores around the Australia. There are approx 111,000 employees are employed in the or ganization. The company is growing its business day by day. Key challenges The key challenges faced by Woolworths Company have shown the immense impact on the growth and success of the company. The key challenges of the company are very complex and tough. It is necessary for the firm to maintain a good working environment for the employees so that they can work efficiently and effectively. The Company is facing various issues and challenges due to the poor strategies and approaches. It is necessary for the company to make and implement the strategies according to the needs and requirements of the customers. Woolworths has not received its fortune due to the lack of labor supply in the market. The organization is not using the norms and policies of the company in a correct manner. The Company is struggling to figure out the solutions to overcome these challenges. The key challenges of the company include such as labor supply/demand, aging workforce, generations, time management etc. These challenges are faced by the company in order to achieve the mission an d vision of the company (Gellatly, Hunter, Currie Irving, 2009). Slowing consumer cycle: To achieve the long-term goals and objectives, it is necessary for the company to provide the various products to the consumers on a daily basis. This is a major key challenge and threats for the company, therefore; it has to focus on the consumer cycle. It is one the biggest brands in the Australia (McDonnell, Collings, Mellahi Schuler, 2017). Product quality becoming an issue: Woolworths is a supermarket company thus, the company is accountable to supply the good quality of products and services to the customers. But the firm is not providing the regular products and services to the consumers. Maintaining a good product quality is a big key challenge for the organization. The company needs to make good strategies to resolve this problem (Saridakis, Lai Cooper, 2017). Weak staff morale: The weak staff is a major concern in this company and it leads to conflict and disputes in the organization. Weak staff leads to various disadvantages and limitations. It wastes a lot of time and it also affects the decision-making process. It decreases the productivity and efficiency of the employees. The company cannot achieve the goals and objectives without efficient and potential employees (Kramar, 2014). Organizational image The organizational image is a very important factor for every organization. It is a most important challenge for the company to maintain its organization's image. If the company wants to gain the long-term success then it should focus on the goodwill and position of the firm. Now a days the firm is not maintaining the good position in the market due to its negative image. Thus, it influences the business success and growth rate of the firm. Market Scrutiny: The market security is also a big issue in this company. Thus, it is necessary for the firm to be aware of the marketing needs. Woolworths growth and success is not stable in the market. The company needs to examine the daily requirements of the market (Kramar, 2014). Labor supply and demand Labor supply and demand are a very important concern for the company. It is also affecting the business actions and operations of the firm. The firm does not provide the detail description of the employment to the new candidates. Thus, various difficulties are faced by the organization. The firm needs to maintain the proper record of the new candidates (Wright Grant, A. 2010). Demographic issues The demographic issues affect the entire business of the organization. Demographic factors include the culture, values, customs, sex, religion, and diversity. Other demographic issues include the aging workforce and generations. The firm does not maintain the records of the new applicants. The company does not focus on the health of the applicants. Diversity is also another problem for the company because the firm is not diversifying the business activities and functions across the world. It does not provide the cross-cultural training to the workers. Thus, it affects the productivity and performance of the workers. Apart from these key challenges, the company does not provide the fair remuneration and compensation to the competent and capable applicants. Thus, they get frustrated and disappointed within the organization. In this way, they are not able to perform effectively and efficiently. It has become the cause of high employee turnover in the organization. Therefore, the company could not gain the long-term mission and objectives. All these challenges are being faced by the firm thus the Woolworths should control and managed these challenges (Deery Jago, 2015). Recommendation strategies and approaches to solving the key challenges After various researchers, it has been evaluated that the firm should prevent these challenges to gain the success and growth in the market. It should look after the various excellent and effective strategies and approaches to control these key issues near future. It should implement some plans and approaches in the management and operation of the company. The firm should develop the sustainable human resource management in the organization. Woolworths cannot control these key challenges without effective human resource management. The effective strategies and approaches have been discussed below (Christensen Hughes Rog, 2008). Woolworths should use attractive and effective employer brand strategy to reduce the various key issues of the human resource management. The brand indicates the goodwill and financial position of the company. It gives various competitive advantages in the market. Through employer branding strategy, the company can attract the potential and competent candidates in the market (Boselie, Brewster Paauwe, J. (2009). Talking about the key strategies of the firm, it can be said that the company is using the effective strategies to attract the more candidates in the market. It should make plans and approaches to address these key challenges. The demographic issues are the big concern in the company. The company should focus on the demographic issues of the company. It should make effective policies to identify and evaluate these challenges. The firm is unable to manage the diversity in the organization. Thus, the firm should provide the diversity and cross-cultural training to the employees to reduce these challenges. The company should provide a healthy and hygienic working environment to the employees to motivate the employees for doing the task and duties. The firm should make effective policies for recruitment and selection of the employees (Runar Edvardsson, 2008). The company should appoint a committee to resolve the various employees disputes and conflicts. The committee will also help to guide the employees and it will provide satisfaction to the applicants. The company should maintain stability in the market. It should check the availability of the products being supplied in the market is enough and reach each and every consumer in the market. In this way, the company can evaluate and check the taste, requirements, and preferences of the employees (Patrick Neumann Dul, 2010). To control the weak labor force the company should motivate the employees to improve the performance and efficiency of the employees. The company can also increase the amount of labor workforce by increasing and expanding its business activities and operations across the world. In this way, the organization can find out the potential and competent applicants for the employment (Runar Edvardsson, 2008). The firm should implement some reward and performance management techniques to improve the performance and productivity of the employees. Apart from this, it should develop fair compensation and remuneration system for providing satisfaction to the workers (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The firm must make effective plan and strategy to improve the quality of products and services. The Company should focus on the brand name and goodwill. It will increase and improve the productivity and demand of the firm. To meet the daily requirement of the consumer, it should check the consumer cycle by maintaining a proper record of it. This will make them the company to overcome this challenge and guide them towards the betterment of availability of products and services (Gomes, Angwin, Peter Mellahi, 2012). To attract the more candidates in the market, the firm should use effective advertising strategy. It will also help to gain the various long-term competitive advantages. The company uses advertising strategy to promote the products and services of the company. It will help to reduce the key challenges of recruitment and selection (Mody, Miller, McGloin, Freeman, Marcantonio, Magaziner Studenski, 2008). The company should maintain proper two-way communication system in the organization to maintain good managerial relations between superior and employee. The top management should maintain the proper collaboration and cooperation. The managers and superior should maintain the unity, trust, and belief among the various employees (Cooke, 2009). It should provide cross-cultural training to expatriates to understand the culture of the host country. The company should provide the online cross-cultural training to the workers thus. It will save the time and money. It will help to reduce the key challenges of human resource management. The Employer branding and advertising strategy play significant strategies in the organization. The firm should focus on the favorable labor supply and demand in the market. The company should focus on the sustainability and corporate social responsibility in order to meet the goals and objectives. The top management and superiors should maintain the positive behavior and attitude to improve the quality of the workers. It will also help to provide better retail products and services to the firm. The company should use entire strategies to address and reduce the various key challenges of recruitment and selection (Paauwe, 2009). Conclusion After various researchers, it has been noted that human resource management plays a vital and significant role in Woolworths. Although, the company is fulfilling the requirements and needs of the new applicants but still various recruitment and selection key challenges have been faced by the company. Thus, the company uses the various strategies and approaches in order to correct the management actions and to improve the product quality and performance of the workers. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Boselie, P., Brewster, C., Paauwe, J. (2009). In search of balancemanaging the dualities of HRM: an overview of the issues.Personnel Review,38(5), 461-471. Christensen Hughes, J., Rog, E. (2008). Talent management: A strategy for improving employee recruitment, retention and engagement within hospitality organizations.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,20(7), 743-757. Cooke, F. L. (2009). A decade of transformation of HRM in China: A review of literature and suggestions for future studies.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,47(1), 6-40. Deery, M., Jago, L. (2015). Revisiting talent management, work-life balance and retention strategies.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(3), 453-472. Gellatly, I. R., Hunter, K. H., Currie, L. G., Irving, P. G. (2009). HRM practices and organizational commitment profiles.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,,20(4), 869-884. Gomes, E., Angwin, D., Peter, E., Mellahi, K. (2012). HRM issues and outcomes in African mergers and acquisitions: a study of the Nigerian banking sector.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,23(14), 2874-2900. Kramar, R. (2014). Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(8), 1069-1089. McDonnell, A., Collings, D. G., Mellahi, K., Schuler, R. (2017). Talent management: a systematic review and future prospects.European Journal of International Management,11(1), 86-128. Mody, L., Miller, D. K., McGloin, J. M., Freeman, M., Marcantonio, E. R., Magaziner, J., Studenski, S. (2008). Recruitment and retention of older adults in aging research.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,56(12), 2340-2348. Paauwe, J. (2009). HRM and performance: Achievements, methodological issues and prospects.Journal of Management studies,46(1), 129-142. Patrick Neumann, W., Dul, J. (2010). Human factors: spanning the gap between OM and HRM.International journal of operations production management,30(9), 923-950. Runar Edvardsson, I. (2008). HRM and knowledge management.Employee Relations,30(5), 553-561. Saridakis, G., Lai, Y., Cooper, C. L. (2017). Exploring the relationship between HRM and firm performance: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Human Resource Management Review,27(1), 87-96. Wright, B. E., Grant, A. M. (2010). Unanswered questions about public service motivation: Designing research to address key issues of emergence and effects.Public administration review,70(5), 691-700.

Investigating Magnetic Pendulum Essay Example

Investigating Magnetic Pendulum Paper Every magnet has two poles, North and South. When it is hung freely, it always settles in the direction North and South of the Earth. The following experiment is about the properties of magnetic pendulum. In all experiments find the time period of oscillation, and find relation in the direction of vibration and the time period of pendulum. Hypothesis: The effect of changing the vibration direction of magnetic pendulum on time period of the 20 constant oscillations. Apparatus: 1. Color indicated lab magnets 2. Strings and threads 3. Solution Tape (Transparent) 4. Measuring Scale (1 feet) 5. Set of compasses 6. Lab stand 7. Stopwatch 8. Scissors Methodology: A For Single magnetic pendulum investigation: 1. Hang a bar magnet horizontally using the thread string, tied in balance with the lab stand. The thread should be strongly tied with the magnet stand. 2. Make sure the magnet is not rotating from its point of centre. This is done in order to allow precise timed readings, as the oscillation progresses smoothly. 3. Use two or more compasses to check the North. Keep the compasses at a 1 meter distance from the magnets to avoid unnecessary deflection 4. Vibrate it in the direction as shown in the diagrams below. 5. Repeat steps 1-2 for varying directions Note: The side view of all direction combinations is in the horizontal plane. The top view uses vertical and horizontal terms in its own respective sense i. e. the as viewed from the birds eye projection. Part 1: Constant: 20 oscillations Distance of the string i. e. from the tied knot of the stand to the magnet = 6 Variables: Time (seconds) and Direction (arrow) of magnet pendulum swings We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating Magnetic Pendulum specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating Magnetic Pendulum specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating Magnetic Pendulum specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In part 1 of the investigation, the magnet will be swung across constant amplitude with the constant no. of 20 oscillations. With each changing direction, the time period for the 20 oscillations will be noted down on paper. Then, the readings will allow us to deduce if the changing direction of magnet has an effect on the time period or not. Below are the four directions, named A, B, C and D along their time period readings. As per the results of the investigation, the change in the direction of vibration of the magnet for 20 oscillations does not affect the time period of the oscillation. As we can see he comparison chart above, the values for directions A, B, C and D are almost same, with very minuscule micro second differences. The possible uncertainty here can be human error in timing the experiment and secondly, the quality of magnets i. e. minor change in size and weight. Moreover, the balance of the string attached was not at most in perfect form, hence the unnecessary rotating of the magnets from the point of tied knot must have affected the time period readings. Hence, the part 1 of the investigation comes to suggests that the change in direction of the vibration of the magnet does not affect the time period of the oscillations. Part 2: Pole Combination A Methodology: B For Dual magnetic pendulum investigation: 1. Hang a bar magnet horizontally with the help of two strings. 2. Now put another magnet just below the hanging magnet, in the same direction as the hanging magnet, with similar poles facing each others. 3. Using the thread string, tied in balance with the lab stand. The thread should be strongly tied with the magnet stand. 4. Make sure the magnet is not rotating from its point of centre. This is done in order to allow precise timed readings, as the oscillation progresses smoothly. 5. Change the distance between the two magnets, keeping the oscillations constant at 20 and then note the change in the time period. 6. Now, vibrate the magnet (for different directions) with small amplitude, first along the length then along with width. Measure the time period of vibration. Also find the rate of decrease in the amplitude of vibration. 7. Repeat 1-6 for varying direction combinations. As per the results for part 2 of the investigation, we put hanged a magnet of the same size as used in part 1 of the investigation by a tied string, making it a dynamic object. Then, we placed a stationery magnet of the same size below it. As we vibrated the dynamic magnet along its width, we slightly altered the distance between the stationery magnet and the dynamic magnet to see if had affect on the oscillations time period. Now, the interesting part of the investigation arises. As you can see from the comparison chart of the same pole combination of N-N to S-S, a slight change in distance between the two magnets, that is a (1.6 minus 1. 0 = 0. 6 cm) 0. 6 cm change brings a 2. 0+ second change. The increase in the distance between the two magnets increases the time period for the 20 oscillations. The theory behind this is simple. As the two magnets move closer to each other, they face a higher amount of N to N and S to S repulsion, so they are pushed with a greater force than they would be when they would be apart (as the case is for d=1. 6 cm). This in result decreases the time period, as the 20 oscillations are completed in a lesser time period.

The Significance of Monuments essays

The Significance of Monuments essays Throughout the centuries many artists have constructed works of art to illustrate significant events, important people and beliefs of cultures. The Littlefield Memorial Fountain and Martin Luther King sculpture were both erected to convey the significant events of their time period. The location of both the Littlefield Fountain and the MLK sculpture help emphasize their importance. The Littlefield Fountain lays directly between the two most recognizable and renowned buildings in Austin, the Capital and the Tower. As one stands to look at the Fountain they can look beyond it to see the Tower and then directly behind them lays the Capital. The MLK statue stands in the middle of the East Mall, making it difficult for spectators to ignore its presence. The open space around the statue and the sidewalks leading up to it emphasizes its importance. Location in both these works of art plays a vital role in how the viewers appreciate them. The non-bronze elements in both works of art help give more meaning and better depict the significance the statues hold. The MLK statue rests on top of four cement blocks, which constructs a larger than life image. The height which he is portrayed at allows for a stronger feeling of admiration when looked upon. The shrub border and water fountains around the Littlefield Memorial enhance the visual appearance of the statue. The water which cascades down both sides towards the Littlefield Memorial brings the spectator to look directly at the statue. Also, the countropasto of the horses draws the spectator in to try and understand what is going on. Both the MLK and Littlefield Memorial statues are freestanding, but the MLK has several two dimensional characteristics as well. Around the base of the statue are four relief pictures which illustrate the quotes above them. These reliefss and non-bronze materials add texture to the sculptures and allow their viewers to see more than...

Types of Verb Forms and Functions in English

Types of Verb Forms and Functions in English A book by the A verb is customarily defined as a part of speech (or word class) that describes an action or occurrence or indicates a state of being. But just when is a word a verb? Generally, it makes more sense to define a verb by what it does than by what it is. Just as the same word (rain or snow, for example) can serve as either a noun or a verb, the same verb can play various roles depending on how its used. Put simply, verbs move our sentences along in many different ways. Here, by identifying 10 types of verbs, well briefly consider some of their more common functions.   Auxiliary Verbs and Lexical Verbs An auxiliary verb (also known as a helping verb) determines the mood or tense of another verb in a phrase. In the sentence It will rain tonight, for example, the verb will helps the verb rain by pointing to the future. The primary auxiliaries are  the various forms of be, have, and do. The modal auxiliaries include can, could, may, must, should, will, and would. A lexical verb (also known as a full or main verb) is any verb in English that isnt an auxiliary verb: it conveys a real meaning and doesnt depend on another verb: It rained all night. Dynamic Verbs and Stative Verbs A dynamic verb indicates an action, process, or sensation: I bought a new guitar. A stative verb (such as be, have, know, like, own, and seem) describes a state, situation, or condition: Now I own a Gibson Explorer. Finite Verbs and Nonfinite Verbs A finite verb expresses tense and can occur on its own in a main clause: She walked to school. A nonfinite verb (an infinitive or participle) doesnt show a distinction in tense and can occur on its own only in a dependent phrase or clause: While walking to school, she spotted a bluejay. Regular Verbs and Irregular Verbs A regular verb (also known as a weak verb) forms its past tense and past participle by adding -d or -ed (or in some cases -t) to the base form: We finished the project.   An irregular verb (also known as a strong verb) doesnt form the past tense by adding -d or -ed: Gus ate the wrapper on his candy bar.   Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs A transitive verb is followed by a direct object: She sells seashells. An intransitive verb doesnt take a direct object: She sat there quietly. (This distinction is especially tricky because many verbs have both transitive and intransitive functions.) Does that cover everything verbs can do? Far from it. Causative verbs, for example, show that some person or thing helps to make something happen. Catenative verbs join with other verbs to form a chain or series. Copular verbs link the subject of a sentence to its complement. Then there are performative verbs, mental-state verbs,  prepositional verbs, iteratives, and reporting verbs. And we havent even touched on the passive or the subjunctive. But you get the idea. Though they can get tense and moody, verbs are hard-working parts of speech, and we can count on them to make things happen in many different ways. * Stephen Pinker, The Stuff of Thought. Viking, 2007​

General Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

General - Essay Example 2. How are trade discount amounts, chain discounts used in the entertainment industry? Within the entertainment industry, trade discount amounts are used by allotting cuts on the works of the business to business partners, who are facilitating each other on a number of tasks and activities (Haines 2007). These discounts make up the figures for meeting the expenses and bringing them down in a considerable manner. Similarly chain discounts are offered when the entertainment industry gives cuts on volume (bulk) work flows, and when the need is to have more work at a lesser cost. The trade discount amounts and chain discounts work to good effect within the entertainment industry because these embody the basis of success for the people who work under such regimes, and they get to be paid much better than these discounts were introduced in the first place. Works Cited Haines, Douglas C. Manufacturer and Retailer Power in Retailer Response to Trade Discounts. Academy of Marketing Studies Jo urnal, Vol. 11, 2007

Chemical Companies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chemical Companies - Research Paper Example Expenditure in research and development by firms globally summed up to 344bn pounds among the countries with heavy investments in this sector such as Japan, Us, Germany, France Switzerland and the UK. These countries through the respective corporations contribute to a tune of over 82% of the spending in R & D. among the largest sectors with huge spending in R & D globally are the pharmaceuticals company, electric and electrical equipment as well as chemical companies as indicated by a registered growth in their spending on the same. (Shield, Beth, and Miriam pg. 45). On the other hand capital expenditure by firms has never seemed so controversial nor important. Together with R & D, capital spending is the long-term lifeblood of many corporations as it determines the ability of most corporations to generate cash flows enough to service their debts. It is quite hard to determine the capital expenditure of most companies if not all as this is the aspect that results into a variety of ri sks in the business in form of cash flows, competitive position, as well as the ability to price. According from evidence shown by statistics, the top capital spenders also come from the chemical and energy industry and they include corporations from china, south America like Brazil and a great deal of corporations from Europe (Frith pg. 144-8). In Europe the chemicals, plastic and rubber sectors forms a bigger part of the industrial sector generating over 3.2million employment opportunities yearly. It is in record that since the year 2000, the chemical sector in Europe has dominated the manufacturing sector by over 2/3. Among the top 50 ranked corporations is the German giant chemical producer BASF with a sale of $79.8 million, which is even an improvement from the previous period’s sales. The company through its management continues to even have more prospects of growth through increased production despite the looming economic tenacity (Festel pg. 88). A combination of the sales figures for the 50 surveyed firms shows a total of $961.8 billion. This figure indicates how much the chemical industry controls the transactions that take place worldwide. The domination of firms in the chemical industry is the same in the developed countries as it is in the developing countries. Chinese giant Sinopec recorded revenue of $56.4 billion and is ranked at number three worldwide and came closer to even being the number two chemical producer in the whole world (Kain pg. 167-9). Among the top three in terms of capital expenditure as well as research and development is the Dow Chemical at position two in the whole world. Sabic also follows in the list in that order with revenue of $42.2 billion and takes position 5 among the chemical producers. It is worth recording that these firms have shown tremendous progress through dynamic performance in their previous past operations. They have come a long way in which SABIC was all the way number 13 in the whole world to beco me number five. At the same time, SINOPEC was all the way number 14 and look at its ranking today (Shield, Beth and Miriam pg. 92-4). As compared to the year before,

Why would a firm want to become a multinational Essay Example for Free

Why would a firm want to become a multinational Essay Let’s be clear about what we mean by a multinational. This is a firm that extends beyond the borders of an individual nation and operates with affiliates and branches in at least two countries. A multinational organizes phases for producing goods and services to sell in different countries. For example, many car companies have mastered the so-called international segmentation of production, which works like this: A Toyota vehicle assembled in San Antonio may have been designed at the Toyota design center in Australia; the vehicle’s aluminum-wheel components may have been produced in Delta, British Columbia; and its other components may have been produced in yet another location. Other multinationals replicate entire production processes in different countries. Consider Coca-Cola. If you are visiting Poland, the Coke you drink probably was produced in a plant in Lodz, Poland, not in the United States, although the brand and the company hail from the U. S. International business scholars and economists have observed that firms become multinationals to exploit three broadly defined sets of advantages. The first is ownership advantage. Multinational firms usually develop and own proprietary technology (the Coca-Cola formula is patented and kept extremely secret) or widely recognized brands (such as Ferrari) that other competitors cannot use. Multinationals often are technological leaders and invest heavily in developing new products, processes and brands, while usually keeping them confidential and protected by intellectual property rights. Maintaining stronger protection of these elements helps firms enjoy greater profits from innovation. Second, consider localization advantage. Multinationals usually try to build facilities that produce and sell their products in locations near the consumer (the Polish consumers of Coke in our example). This helps reduce transportation costs or helps the company fit in better with local tastes and needs. Proximity to demand also helps firms adapt their products and services to different markets. At the same time, they also may take advantage of lower production costs (for example, labor costs, energy, sometimes even lower environmental standards) or more abundant production factors, such as expert engineering or greater raw materials). For example, the Polish affiliate of Coca-Cola also owns bottling plants in the Beskidy Mountains region of Poland, which is rich in mineral water for making other beverages. Finally, multinationals want to internalize the e benefits from owning a particular technology, brand, expertise or patents that they find too risky or unprofitable to rent or license to other firms. Enforcing international contracts can be costly or ineffective in countries in which the rule of law is weak and court procedures are long and inefficient. In these cases, the company also may risk losing its ownership advantage, which it has created at a substantial cost.

Vittore Carpaccio :: Essays Papers

Vittore Carpaccio Vittore Carpaccio was born around the year 1460 near Venice, Italy. They didn’t keep birth records then, so this date is an estimate. Vittore knew from a very young age that he wanted to be a painter when he was older. He couldn’t pay attention in school because he was always drawing or sketching on his papers. As a young man, Carpaccio was greatly influenced by two Venetian painters. These two painters were Gentile Bellini and Giovanni Bellini. Carpaccio was influenced greatly by these artists, but he also admired the work of other artists of the Venitian art period. Carpaccio used four cycles of paintings; each of these cycles was used to tell a story. However, only the first two of these cycles have become well known. Carpaccio did the first of these cycles between 1490 and 1495. This cycle consisted of nine large paintings. One of these paintings, named The Legend of Saint Ursula, is considered by most people to be his finest work. Especially original is the painting Dream of Saint Ursula. Vittore completed the second cycle of his paintings between the years 1502 and 1507. This cycle also consists of nine scenes. These scenes are mainly from the lives of Saint George and Saint Jerome. The two best known paintings of this cycle are titled Saint George Slaying the Dragon and Saint Jerome in His Study. Even tough Carpaccio was greatly influenced by other artists of his time; he still had a style that was different than everyone else. He seemed to use the colors black, red and brown more than other colors. He also put exotic animals or objects from faraway lands in many of his paintings. He also was very good with architecture and knew how to paint buildings so they looked real. Some of Vittore’s other widely known paintings include: â€Å"A Saint Reading† and â€Å"Virgin and Child.† Even though he isn’t as famous as some other artists are; Carpaccio was one of the greatest artists of the early Renaissance in Europe.

Nursing Research Critique Assignment Essay

I will be critiquing two different articles. Both studies are nursing studies that evaluate outcomes. I will be following specific key points for a quantitative perspective and a qualitative perspective. There is a guideline that I will be following for each article that includes identifying and examining the data collection and data analysis methodologies used in each study. The names of the articles are The Experience of Patients Undergoing Awake Craniotomy and The Effects of Crossed Leg Blood Pressure Measurement. The references will also be reviewed to determine validity and relationship to the new study. Data Collection Quantitative Study: The operational and conceptual definition is congruent. The key variables were operationalized using the best possible method and with adequate justification. Specific instruments were adequately described and were good choices, given the study purpose, the variables being studied, and the study population. The instrument used specifically was a blood pressure monitor. The blood pressure cuff size, dimensions, and inflation pressure were described. The blood pressure monitor was adequately pretested and calibrated before the study began by a biomedical technician (Foster-Fitzpatrick, Ortiz, Sibilano, Marcantonio, & Braun, 1999). It can be determined that the data collection methods provided data that was reliable and valid. The intervention executed was having patients cross their legs and measuring their blood pressure. The intervention was adequately described and implemented. The implementation of the intervention was faithful to its plan (Polit & Beck, 2012). The data was gathered by trained nurse researchers (Foster-Fitzpatrick et al. , 1999). The same blood pressure monitor was operated during the data collection to minimize biases (Foster-Fitzpatrick et al. , 1999). Qualitative Study: The methods for gathering data were appropriate and the data was gathered using interviews over a span of 2 days (Palese, Skrap, Fachin, Visioli, & Zannini, 2008). It could be determined that triangulation was achieved since the interviews were performed on numerous occasions and during assorted circumstances. The researchers did ask the right questions and make the right observations, which were also recorded in an appropriate fashion. It can be concluded that sufficient data was gathered, given the specifics required to be a factor in this study. The data collected was adequately rich in depth and detail. The data was gathered using interviews with open-ended questions. The interviews were audio-recorded. The data compilation tools were valid and reliable for this study. Data collection was adequately described and appeared appropriate for this type of study. Bias was kept to a minimum. The researchers were to determine and recognize ideas that may have prompted or provoked personal biases, they also had to recognize any personal experiences or beliefs that might have influenced what they were going to hear and report (Palese et al. , 2008). Data Analysis Quantitative Study: Analyses were appropriated to answer the research question and to test the hypothesis. The researchers performed various blood pressure measurements on a sample of hypertensive males to determine if the crossing of a leg has an effect on blood pressure measurements. Appropriate statistical methods were used given the level of measurement and assumptions of the test. However, there was only one specific group that was the variable, 100 hypertensive males whose ages ranged from 31 to 81. Hypothesis testing allows researchers to make objective decisions whether study results likely reflect chance sample differences or true population differences (Polit & Beck, 2012). In this study there was no control group. Then, how can we determine that crossing your leg would increase blood pressure. It is challenging to support whether a type I and type II errors were actually minimized or avoided. The intervention studies did not perform an intention-to-treat analysis. All of the participants were treated and there was no omitted information. The participants also did not abandon the study. The problems of missing values were evaluated and adequately addressed. The limitation of the study includes gender and sample size. The researchers discussed the weaknesses with solutions for future studies. The researchers recommend replicating this study using a larger sample size that includes females. They consider that these changes would increase the significance of the results. The findings are discussed and interpreted. Information about statistical significance and confidence interval is presented and reviewed. There was good use of tables and figures that included titles and headings that were clearly and appropriately labeled. The results were also clearly displayed in tables with identifiable titles and labeled headings. The study included descriptive statistics. The study described the main characteristics in the dataset. The mean and standard deviation for each blood pressure measurement was calculated before and after crossing of the legs was performed by the study subjects. Inferential statistics were also present in this study. In order to test mean differences with three or more groups, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical test is used. This research study conducted a repeated-measure ANOVA, which is when there are three or more measures of the same dependent variable for each participant (Polit & Beck, 2012). Measuring blood pressure at various intervals and under numerous conditions for the same subject is one incident where this type of testing can be used. . The model for this design was repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of significance in this study was stated at < 0. 05 for all three effects in the model, (before crossing the legs, during legs crossed, and after having crossed the legs). This significance level indicates that researchers accept a risk that out of 100 samples drawn from a population, a true null hypothesis would be rejected 5 times (Polit & Beck, 2012). Given the level of measurement and the nature of the hypothesis, the results were adequate. However, I believe that further research is required to have a stronger correlation. A wider sampling population should be used in future research to have more accurate conclusions. Qualitative Study: The data management and data analysis methods were sufficiently described. The data analysis strategy was compatible with the research tradition. It was also compatible with the nature and type of data gathered. The findings are effectively summarized. There was good use of citations from the patient interviews. The researchers were able to abstract concepts that were found in the data collected from the interviews. Although each patient had a unique experience, the researchers were able to categorize concepts from the data that was analyzed. Researchers were able to group these concepts into pre-operative concerns, intra-operative concerns, and post-operative concerns. Since there was limited research conducted on intra-operative experiences there were limits with the ability of being able to link it to previously performed studies. However, the study did recognize the limits it had. Since this is a qualitative study, generally these studies cannot be generalized to the population. Qualitative researchers are not concerned with the general population, but rather with subjects experiences (Polit & Beck, 2012). The researchers did acknowledge the importance of the healthcare team members to think about patient’s experiences in order to better understand how to prioritize the needs of the patient (Palese et al. , 2008). I believe that biases were kept to a minimal considering the implementations that the researchers were exposed to at the beginning of the study and before they were exposed to the interviews or observations. The composition and exploration of the data produced genuine and significant descriptions of the experiences that the patients whom were subjects had. Summary After reviewing both articles and critiquing each one, I believe to have a better understanding about the difference between a quantitative research study and a qualitative research study. Data collection should be systematic and meticulous. Both studies gathered their data systematically and meticulously. In view of the statistical analysis, levels of measurement should be defined as nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio level data. Sources of data can be documentary sources as primary and secondary sources, field sources as subjects in person, conditions, environment and events that are observable and measurable, and historical data. Both of the studies also had these types of sources. The methods of collecting data include surveys questioning using interview schedule and questionnaires, observation techniques with the help of structured or unstructured instruments, and measuring with standardized instruments. Both of the studies also used some of these methods for collecting data. The purpose of analyzing data in a study is to describe the data in meaningful terms. For example, the study in reference to blood pressure changes utilized tables for interpretation. Statistics help to answer important research questions and it is the answers to such questions that further our understandings. It is required the researcher to have an understanding of what tools are suitable for a particular research study. Depending on the kinds of variables identified (nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio) and the design of particular study, number of statistical techniques is available to analyze data. The data collection and data analysis methodologies used varied and followed the particular need of each research study. The researchers followed the research process guidelines and methodologies. Although, both studies had some weaknesses, they were both performed adequately, using appropriate techniques and instruments. They were also both performed with integrity, discussing thei r limitations and weaknesses.

Understanding of the Flynn Effect

The Flynn Effect, first observed by James Flynn in 1981, is the steady year on year increase in IQ scores on intelligence tests, noting a greater rise in fluid (non-verbal) intelligence than crystallised (verbal) intelligence. There are numerous studies providing evidence for this effect leading to the question; are generations getting more intelligent? There is no universal definition of intelligence, leading many researchers to try and discover common themes around the world.Yang & Sternberg (1997b) found similarities in ideas of intelligence between Western and Eastern cultures but ultimately, along with other researchers such as Baral & Das (2004), concluded that there are great differences between conceptions of intelligence around the world. Due to this, there have been many different methods used to measure intelligence over the years, from Binet & Simon’s (1911) intelligence test, to Gardner’s (1983) multiple intelligence theory.One of the more accepted and univ ersally used methods designed to test intelligence is the intelligence quotient (IQ) test, developed by William Stern in 1912, an idea used by many other intelligence researchers. In 1981, when reviewing intelligence tests to test validity for new versions, James Flynn noticed that whenever participants were given an old test and a new test to complete, they always got higher scores on the newer test. He went on to look at a further 73 studies (Flynn, 1984) and discovered that between 1932 and 1978, white Americans had gained 14 IQ points, supporting his original discovery.In 1987 he published intelligence test data from 14 countries (Flynn, 1987), coming to the conclusion that IQ scores were rising not only in America, but across a number of different countries and cultures, further displaying evidence for his discovery. In attempt to make sense of Flynn’s discovery, it has been proposed that generations are getting more intelligent, an idea that Flynn himself rules out. He argued that if generations were getting more intelligent, we would expect to see an ever rising number of geniuses in the world which we don’t.So why are IQ scores getting higher? In 1998, Ulrich Neisser (Neisser, 1998a) edited a book suggesting some possible environmental explanations for the Flynn Effect. The book was contributed to by Flynn (1998), Greenfield (1998), Lynn (1998), Neisser (1998b), Schooler (1998) and Williams (1998). It covered 5 main areas: schooling, test-taking sophistication, parental rearing style, visual and technical environment and nutrition. However, Lynn (1990) originally broke these ideas down into two opposing hypotheses; the nutrition hypothesis and the cognitive stimulation hypothesis.The Nutrition hypothesis proposes that nutrition is a key factor in generations' increased intelligence, Lynn (1990; 1998). It sees nutrition as increasing intelligence as part of a nurturing environment, including longer life expectancies, improved health and lo wer infant disease. As food has become more readily available to most people, we are inevitably receiving more of the nutrition and food that our bodies and brains require, meaning our bodies and brains are more capable of performing to the best of their ability.Compared with generations ago, when food and water was scarce it is almost expected that we should achieve better results on intelligence tests when our brains are better nourished and equipped to deal with them. Average human height has also risen over the last century, which has been attributed to nutrition. Lynn (1990;1998) suggested that this could be significant, as brain size has been linked to nutrition and also to intelligence. Some researchers began looking at particular nutrients in relation to intelligence.Quian et al (2005) looked at the effects of iodine on intelligence. Findings showed that the children who had received iodine supplements before and after birth scored significantly higher on intelligence tests than children who hadn’t. Iodine is now well known as one of the most important minerals for good health. Benton & Roberts (1988) conducted a study involving 90 children divided into 3 groups of 30. Group 1 were given a supplement which contained a number of vitamins and minerals. Group 2 were given a placebo and Group 3 was not given anything.8 months later Benton & Roberts (1988) found that in Group 1 a significant increase in non-verbal (fluid) intelligence scores was observed, supporting the Flynn effect. However, there was no significant difference between verbal (crystallised) intelligence scores. Further research into understanding the Flynn effect saw Colom, Luis-Font & Andres-Pueyo (2005) test two large samples of Spanish boys with a 30 year gap in a measure of fluid intelligence. A significant rise in IQ scores was observed in the later sample, with findings interestingly noting intelligence gains mainly observed among the lower percentile of IQ scores.Teasdale & Ow en (1989) and Lynn & Hampson (1986) had previously found similar results. These findings, and many other replications, support the Nutrition hypothesis as evidence for the Flynn effect. In general these types of studies have provided plenty of evidence to conclude that IQ is affected by vitamin/mineral supplements on non-verbal measures of intelligence, however, it is becoming increasingly hard to test this as most people are well-nourished these days particularly in Western cultures.Future studies could continue to look at which particular nutrients affect which particular areas of intelligence, and concentrate on broadening the research to a wider variety of cultures and socioeconomic backgrounds. Many of the previously mentioned studies use a sample consisting of only males, which makes results less representative to the entire population. The Cognitive Stimulation hypothesis, takes into account some of the other ideas mentioned in Neisser’s book (Neisser 1998a), suggestin g that higher intelligence is driven by improvements in cognitive stimulation.In particular, visual analysis and technical advances are seen as causing intelligence to increase. Visual analysis can range between many things, from photographs, messages on cereal boxes, puzzles in a newspaper, to television programmes. One of the biggest changes in the twentieth century was the arrival of visual media such as television and the internet. Nowadays almost every home has a television and many have computers and access to the internet.Children now have much wider access to educational toys, games, television programmes and computer programs, and adults now participate in many cognitively demanding activities such as reading, puzzles, video games and using devices such as television and computers. Johnson (2003) argues that popular television has become more cognitively demanding in recent years. One example is children’s television show Sesame Street, designed to increase childrenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s intelligence and awareness by providing mental stimulation at an early age.Sesame Street is now an award winning show and is recognised as helping to develop children’s understanding and abilities (Palmer, 2003). Even simple things such as adverts provide us with cognitive stimulation, sometimes requiring viewers to work out a hidden or abstract meaning, compared with much more straight forward adverts seen from years ago. Intelligence tests such as Raven’s matrices measure visual analysis, on which the largest gains in IQ have been found providing support for the cognitive stimulation hypothesis.Some of the other ideas mentioned in Neisser’s book include schooling, test-taking sophistication and parental rearing style. Nowadays, we attend school for many more years than our parents and grandparents did. Cahan & Cohen (1989) found that length of schooling influences intelligence, however their results suggested larger rises in verbal intelligence, thus not providing evidence for the Flynn effect. Test-taking sophistication is the idea that we are just generally more aware of intelligence tests than generations ago. IQ tests are something we learn about in school as teaching today is generally geared towards achievement tests.This could potentially explain better scores in intelligence tests by those who know why and what they are doing them for, but it is unknown whether this could explain the emphasis on non-verbal intelligence seen in the Flynn effect, as it is a very difficult concept to test. Parental rearing styles have also changed, with families getting smaller meaning each child is spending more time with his or her parents. Flynn (1998) and Williams (1998) also suggest that today’s parents are more interested in their children’s intellectual development than in previous generations.However, it could be argued that due to the Flynn effect, today’s parents are simply more intelligent than their own pare nts and grandparents, and therefore better able to guide and educate their own children. If the cognitive stimulation hypothesis can truly explain the Flynn effect, then we should see a rise of IQ scores across generations at all levels of IQ (Flynn, 2003; Lynn (1990) but if the nutritional hypothesis provides the explanation, intelligence gains would appear more so at the bottom end of IQ scores, where nutritional deprivation is at its worst (Flynn, 2003).Neither the nutritional hypothesis nor the cognitive stimulation hypothesis appears to be telling the whole story in relation to the Flynn effect, and there are still many other theories out there. Some suggest natural selection as a cause, such as Deary et al, 2004 who found significant correlation between low IQ score and risk of cardiovascular disease and death. However this could be down to environmental factors caused by lower IQ such as poverty and living conditions which could lead to death and illness Gottfredson 1997. Bra in size has also been proposed as a relevant factor.Tiedmann (1836) suggested a connection between brain size and mental energy, and medical advances allowing tests such as MRI scans have since led to further research in this area. Willerman et al (1991) and Raz et al (1993) went on to find correlations between brain size and general intelligence, supporting Tiedmann’s hypothesis. However, these correlations were found in particular samples, and did not clarify causation. Luria (1968, 1972) conducted two case studies and discovered that injuries to different parts of the brain affected intelligence in different ways.Flynn (1994, 1999) favoured environmental explanations himself, suggesting intelligence gains too rapid to be genetic. Many recent European studies have suggested that the Flynn effect is actually coming to an end, or could possibly be in reverse. Sundet et al (2004) composed intelligence tests from the 1950’s and found that in line with the Flynn effect, n on-verbal intelligence showed higher gains, that is until the 1990’s when IQ scores ceased to increase. Teasdale & Owen (2005) found similar results, with scores rising from 1959 and peaking in the late 1990’s.Teasdale & Owen (2005) noticed that after this peak, intelligence test performance has since declined to pre-1991 level. Many people view these studies as direct evidence for the end of the Flynn effect; however some view it an extension of the Flynn effect, one which can still be explained by the nutritional hypothesis. It is proposed that the rise in IQ scores was a result of the number of low scorers who were dragging the average IQ score down, getting smaller and smaller.Supporters of the nutritional hypothesis argue that this decreasing number of low scorers was due to the decreasing number of people suffering from poor nutrition, and now poor nutrition is not a problem the slow removal of low scorers has levelled out. Three big questions when looking at int elligence testing are the reliability of intelligence tests, the validity of intelligence tests and whether the usefulness of intelligence is overemphasised.One issue with reliability is that IQ scores fluctuate, and if you take the same test a few weeks later it is likely you will achieve a different score, although you are not supposed to retake the same IQ test as your first interaction with it will almost certainly influence your second performance. Researchers question whether we can ever truly know if the first score we get is truly a representation of our intelligence, or if it may be a fluctuation from our real intelligence, questioning the accuracy of such scores. This concern hasinspired plenty of research into IQ fluctuation, with many studies such as Jones & Bayley (1941) suggesting that although scores do fluctuate, they remain relatively stable. Furthermore, while there is plenty of evidence to suggest intelligence tests correlate well with other intelligence tests (Ne isser et al, 1996), these studies are based on the assumption that there is a globally agreed idea of general intelligence when this is in fact not true (Benson, 2003). As mentioned earlier, there are cultural variations of what is perceived as intelligence, calling into question the validity of intelligence testing.It wouldn’t be sensible to dismiss intelligence tests entirely as there is plenty of evidence to support their reliability, validity and usefulness. However, we should not ignore the shortcomings. Both the nutritional hypothesis and the cognitive stimulation hypothesis have contributed somewhat to our understanding of the Flynn effect, but neither appears to be telling the whole story. The nutritional hypothesis views nutrition as increasing intelligence as part of a nurturing environment with plenty of evidence providing support for this as an explanation of the Flynn effect, such as Quian et al (2005) and Benton & Roberts (1988).However it is becoming increasing ly difficult to continue to test this as most people are well nourished these days, particularly in Western culture. The cognitive stimulation hypothesis suggests that the visual revolution is responsible for the Flynn effect, suggesting higher intelligence results from improvements in cognitive stimulation. Again, there is plenty of evidence in support of this; however it does not provide an absolute explanation.Due to the rising number of studies suggesting the Flynn effect is coming to an end, it is possible that any current and future research into the Flynn effect is futile, although many of the evidence to suggest this is predominantly undertaken in Europe, pointing back to the cultural differences in intelligence. Perhaps less developed countries are seeing the Flynn effect? We could benefit from more research across various cultures. There are also the questions of intelligence test reliability, validity and usefulness to consider. Leading to my final question; if we canâ₠¬â„¢t define intelligence, how can we truly test it?

Comparing Initiation Themes

Comparing Initiation Themes Initiation refers to a rite of passage from childhood into adulthood or making an entrance into the society. There exist differences in rites of passage from a particular community to another. These rites of passage may vary from a person to another. New responsibilities and a new form of self-realization characterize initiation. Furthermore, the act involves a variety of forms like tribal initiations that involve teachings on adulthood. It may also take the form of spiritual or gang initiation characterized by introduction to criminal gangs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Initiation Themes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Initiation occurs in all cultures and there have been a lot of literature written about it. Many teenagers, especially girls make life-threatening decisions during initiation. Initiation has numerous psychological effects as revealed in the narrations of many individuals. Individuals who are initiated by wrong people face many consequences, which affect their lives in many ways. This paper will present a comparison of initiation themes. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been In the story â€Å"where are you going, where have you been†, the main character is Connie who is a 15-year-old self-absorbed girl. She is not in good terms with her mother and she lives with her elder sister who is steady and hard working. The genesis of her initiation occurs in a particular day when, without the knowledge or approval of her parents, she spent a day at â€Å"Big Boy† restaurant and captures the attention of a man. It does not take long before the boy and his friend visit the girl’s homestead in the absence of her parents. The man seems friendly although Connie notices that he has lied about his age. What transpires leaves less to imagination because the man asks Connie to comply with his demands (Oates 8). The story depicts a sad initiation process for C onnie as she is introduced into a sense of self-realization through harassment. Because of her naivety, she is adamant to leave the relationship. Many women have written their biographies with such kind of an initiation including an aspect of forced marriage. The bandits take Connie to a building described by her as being in a dilapidated condition. Moreover, she is threatened to copulate with Friend, who wants her to be his lover and possibly his wife. ‘The Grave’ In the short story of Katherine Porter, ‘The Grave,’ there is a young woman called Miranda who is on a hunting mission with her brother. They take time to view the cemeteries that the family had sold. Miranda is a woman who reveals how she is uncomfortable with several aspects of her life. The outset of her initiation is when she witnesses her brother killing a rabbit. The two realize that the rabbit was about to give birth. Miranda has a sense of pity and she even starts trembling without any re ason. From her reactions, it is apparent that she has realized that she is more mature. Hence, according to the standards of her society, she has to start behaving like a mature woman and accept all the responsibilities that come with the position (Barber 15).Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In ‘The Grave,’ the young woman feels that she has been initiated from childhood into adulthood. Although she cannot explain the occurrence of the initiation, she acknowledges that it is time for her to become mature and take up the role of a woman. This is unlike in the case of Connie depicted in ‘where are you going, where have you been?’ In the latter story, Connie is abducted without her knowledge and is initiated by bandits. This form of initiation differs with that of Miranda. Connie’s story involves the use of force into initiation. Sh e never showed any instincts regarding what was to happen or nothing could indicate to her that it was time to step out of childhood. Connie’s predicament is exacerbated by the threats she receives when she reveals her intentions to call the police. Her story ends with an indication that her initiation is through forced love and eventually into marriage with a man that she barely knew. Furthermore, she is forced to marry a person whom she fears and does not trust. Miranda does not go through forced love in her initiation (Oates 8). ‘At the Landing’ A look into the forms of initiations experienced by the aforementioned women reveals that initiation is worse for a young woman called Jenny. Her predicament is depicted in Eudora Welty’s Story ‘At the Landing.’ She is initiated through rape. A stranger steals Jenny’s innocence and this is the worst form of initiation that can happen to a woman. Further, a group of men rapes her as she attemp ts to look for Billy, the man who had previously raped her. Jenny undergoes more suffering in her initiation than the other characters. She is forced to sleep with a man. Her situation is made worse by the societal prejudices directed at women who undergo such shameful experiences. She is blamed for failing to take any action after being raped by a gang of anglers. Her story draws close similarities with that of Lynn (Barber 15), and Connie (Oates 8-10), as both are persuaded into having a sexual relationship during their initiation. ‘An Education’ The story of Lynn Barber in â€Å"An Education is a bit different from the others. The story revolves around a 16-year-old schoolgirl. This girl has a chance to meet a man claiming to be 27 years old. Lynn is vulnerable as she is attracted by Simon’s possessions and she succumbs into a premature relationship. The relationship continues and Simon starts the habit of kissing her for long and even demands to have sex wit h her. This goes on until they are on a trip and they have sex. Things take a different turn when they are having dinner in a cortege one evening as Simon is sought after by authorities (Barber 20).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Initiation Themes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After her education, Simon proposes to her and she informs her parents who encourage her to accept the marriage proposal. Deep inside her mind, she knew that this was going to shatter her dreams, as she was a bright girl and had ambitions of going to Oxford University to further her studies. With the consent of her parents, she decides not to go to the University and instead opts to marry Simon. Later on, she realizes that Simon is a dishonest man who had been deceiving her all along. The story of Lynn Barber shows a naà ¯ve girl led into marriage by a much older man. She is a bright girl and has ambitions of furthering her stud ies but out of her naivety, she opts for marriage with a man who is dishonest and not fit to be her husband. She undergoes a tough initiation, as her parents do not take their time to learn if Simon was good enough for her. Furthermore, the parents even opted for her marriage and did not reprimand her for not going to college. She is frustrated after learning that Simon had been deceiving her. Her initiation has similar aspects to that of Connie (Oates 8-10). Both of them are deceived by men who are much older than they are. They are led into marriage despite their age and naivety. Although the story of Connie includes an aspect of force where she is forced to go out with Friend, she had a chance of rejecting his advances from the first time they met in a restaurant. Lynn’s case is out of her free will that she allows Simon to build a relationship with her. Initiation undergone by Lynn (Barber) and Connie (Oates) shows young girls who are deceived by gifts and money. In both the cases, the two girls are attracted to men with expensive cars. Connie described Arnold Friend’s Car as an expensive car with a bright gold color that caught the sunlight opaquely. The two girls allowed the men in their lives from the fact that they looked wealthy and they could treat them with expensive gifts. Lynn used to receive flowers and during the weekends. Simon would pick her and go with him to watch movies. We learn from her that her father also accepted and acknowledged Simon to be her friend. The father had asked where Simon and Lynn had met (Barber 2). Her parents wanted the man to be her lover so that they could gain from his wealth. However, there is no relationship during the initiation of Miranda (Porter 15). She experiences an urge when they are on a hunting mission with her brother Paul. She notes that her father had been urging them to dress like boys although the neighbors were not comfortable with it.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More She notes that she is supposed to dress like a woman and was ready to accept her womanhood with all the responsibilities. She feels the urge to go back into the house and dress in a feminine manner. She is luckier than the aforementioned characters because no one deceives her into marriage. Lynn and Connie gain the sense of knowledge from naivety and childhood through a rather regrettable manner. In ‘Charlotte temple’, (Rowson), initiation of a sixteen-year-old girl is not very different as she elopes to America with a British worker. The young girl is left alone when she gets pregnant and the man desserts her to stay with much wealthier woman. She succumbs to a serious ailment and dies in the process of giving birth. This story is not very different to that of Lynn (Barber), as the two girls are rather young and end up in marriage with men that they do not know well. Moreover, they marry at a rather young age before they have trusted their partners. They are both decei ved after marriage as Lynn realizes that Simon is a dishonest man who is wanted by the police. He later starts selling off his property. In the case of Charlotte, the man does not keep the promise of staying with her and as soon as she gets pregnant. He deserts for a much older woman. Both girls are deceived by looks and wealth. The situation changes when they drop out of school, which leaves them frustrated. Both stories are similar to that of Connie (Oates). They all are deceived and have sexual affairs at a tender age. Although Connie’s fate is not well known, there are indications that she eventually enters into a forced marriage. The story of Connie is however different from that of the two girls because she is married without her consent. Most of the stories of young girls into initiation involve seduction, which eventually leads to fatal consequences. Many girls fall into this trap as they are targets of men because they are schoolgirls and are considered more attracti ve to hang out with and have a sexual relationship with. The men in most cases do not intend to marry them. Further, it happens that they are even dumped off after they get pregnant. This case is well illustrated in the story of the Charlotte (Rowson), where she elopes to America with a man who dumps her when she gets pregnant. Connie (Oates) and Lynn (Barber) also fall into the trap of men who lead them into premature relationships. All the girls end up suffering and their dreams of furthering their education are shattered. The stories lower their self-worth. A proper initiation should be like that of Miranda (Porter), where her initiation is out of self-induction. She realizes and feels the urge to dress properly like a woman and quit hunting as this was a male affair. Conclusion In summary, initiation refers to a rite of passage from childhood into adulthood or making an entrance into the society. There are numerous differences between rites of passages in different societies. In itiation is characterized by the emergence of new responsibilities and self –realization. Initiation may also involve a variety of forms like tribal initiations that involves teachings on adulthood. In this paper, various forms of initiation are highlighted. Most of the individuals that underwent initiation in the aforementioned cases have had bad experiences in the process of initiation. Initiation has numerous psychological effects as revealed in the narrations of many individuals. Individuals who are initiated by wrong people report to have vast consequences, which affect their lives in many ways. In ‘where are you going, where have you been’ and other stories depicted above, several girls have been initiated into womanhood through negative processes. Some have been raped or forced into early marriages. This paper reveals how girls are tricked into making premature decisions that drastically affects their lives. Hence, there is the need to address the initiati on of girls into adulthood through violation of their sexuality such as rape or even forced marriages tender ages. Moreover, there exists the need to help adolescents refrain from getting into relationships. Involvement into the aforementioned behavior may lead to consequences such as pregnancies or abusive marriages. The cases of Lynn and Charlotte have elucidated the predicament that some young girls face in the process of initiation. From the cases, it is apparent that girls may face negative consequences during initiation than boys. These include social, psychological, and emotional consequences. Barber, Lynn. An Education. New York: Penguin, 2009. Oates, C. Introduction. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1994. Porter, Katherine Anne. Conversations. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 1987. Rowson, Susanna. Charlotte Temple. Boston: Mobile Reference, 2010.

En - French Preposition

En - French Preposition The French preposition en is nearly always used directly in front of a noun with no article, or after certain verbs. Uses of en Before a Noun En can mean any of the following: Location il est en prison - he is in jailjhabite en banlieue - I live in the suburbs Time  (en vs dans) en aoà »t - in Augusten trois jours - in three daysen semaine - during the week To do something like or as Je te parle en ami - Im speaking to you as a friendIl agit en enfant - Hes acting like a kid Means voyager en train - to travel by trainrentrer en taxi - to return by taxi Condition or appearance à ªtre en bonne santà © - to be in good healthà ªtre en guerre - to be at warà ªtre en pyjama - to be in pajamas Transformation traduire en franà §ais - to translate into Frenchse dà ©guiser en... - to disguise oneself as...transformer une salle en bureau - to change a room into an office Material un pull en laine - wool sweaterune maison en brique - brick house Verbs with en The French preposition  en  is required after certain verbs when they are followed by a noun. agir  en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to act  like / asavoir  confiance  en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to trustcasser  en  (morceaux,  trois)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to break in(to) (pieces, two)se  changer  en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to change intoconvertir  (quelque  chose) en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to convert (something) intocouper en  (deux, cinq)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to cut in (two, five pieces)croire  en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to believe inse  dà ©guiser  en  Ã‚  Ã‚  to disguise oneself asà ©crire en  (franà §ais, ligne)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to write (in French,  on line)mesurer en  (mà ¨tres)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to measure in (meters)se  mettre  en colà ¨re  Ã‚  Ã‚  to get madse  mettre  en route  Ã‚  Ã‚  to set outpartir  en  (guerre)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to leave for (war)partir  en  (voiture)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to leave by/in (car)traduire en  (franà §ais)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to translate into (French)transformer  qqch  en  (qqch)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to change s.t. into (s.t.)se  vendre  en  (bouteilles)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to be sold in (bottles)voyag er en  (train, taxi)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to travel by (train, taxi)

Nature of Logic and Perception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nature of Logic and Perception - Essay Example Whether mental blocks interfere in critical thinking and its influence on nature of logic and perception is crucial in understanding human behavior. Thinking is most important in relation to life as we grow we start thinking more, and thus, we change our future ability to think. Ancient Greek, the Roman rhetoricians, medieval thinkers, the renaissance thinkers, the British empiricists, and even twentieth-century thinkers encourage us to think and ponder deep into the intricacies of open, unfolding, and marvelous arena of the mind. Following the words of Socrates, "Know thyself," Plato thought that we are born with ideas and with the pure power of the mind and innate ideas we could achieve divinity. "Descartes echoes Anselm-"I think, therefore I am"-and challenged our pride by telling us that "it is not enough to have a good mind; the main thing is to use it well." (Kirby & Goodpaster, 1999, p. 2). As thinking cannot be useful unless it is communicated through the media of language, images, art, scientific formula, and mathematics, thinking is defined as "the activity of the brain that can potentially be communicated." (Kirby & G oodpaster, 1999, p 5). At the same time, there are unexpressed thinking that is stored in the brain and we use it often before speaking or acting. Writing and talking are the best media for expressing our thinking process as "our thoughts can resound and rebound with new shape and vigor from the thoughts of others" and "our ideas can intermingle, cross-fertilize, and become the seeds for whole new species of thoughts." (Kirby & Goodpaster, 1999). It implies that, we should use our mind and head rationally and constructively to become successful humans. Our thinking process is influenced by our upbringing, and it shapes our fears, our self-concept, and our emotions. At the same time our psychological world is shaped by our exposure to cultural and genetic forces, which often negatively influence and hinder our sound thinking process. Our self-concept, the way we view ourselves, also blocks critical and creative thinking. Self-concept includes not only intelligence and attractiveness, but our liking for home, friends, religion, state, country, values, possession, sports, and so on, which my influence our ego-defense mechanisms, self-serving biases, and individual identity. Ego-defenses, the psychological coping strategies, comprising denial, projection, and rationalization also impact on our thinking process. Critical thinking requires that when analyzing and assessing thinking we should take into account that human thought is rational and selective and it is impossible to understand any person, event, or phenomenon from different an gles simultaneously. The word "logic" covers a range of related concerns all bearing upon the question of rational justification and explanation and it is the study of correct reasoning and its foundations. Humans identify things using ideas, meanings, and thought -- some sense of what is relevant, what supports a belief, what should we assume, what we know, what is implied, what contradicts, and what should we believe, and vice-versa -- and this intellectual

Personal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Personal - Essay Example In this case, the professor advocates for more talk than reading (Dickinson, 34). Good presentations are always structured in sections and in this case, the professor talks of the importance of organizing the points. It is also important to do a dry run on the topic before the main presentation. Showing interests in the students is also advisable. It is always wrong to intimidate the students or embarrass them (Dilts, 67). Communication during the presentation also remains an important component. In this case, it is always important to engage the students in the discussion. The communication component goes with the body language, flow of the language and giving the students a chance to contribute in the discussion. Circling the class gives the professor a chance to engage with every person in the class (Dilts, 70). Accepting interruption during the presentation is evidence enough that the students are concentrating on the topic of discussion. It is also important to finish strongly or knowing when to stop lecturing. Too much lecture can be become boring for

Nursing leadership and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing leadership and management - Essay Example It is the duty of nurses in leadership positions to examine the contributing factors leading to nurse shortage and high turnover. This is to become familiar with the situation for them to determine the necessary approaches that would improve the retention strategies. The primary objective of the examination among leaders is to convey the severity and problems related to nursing shortage and high turnover allowing them to devise solutions such as successful employment of nurses and retention strategies (Fabre, 2005). This increases the number of registered nurse; thus, improving the quality of care. Leaders need to study the reasons why new nurses quit this profession. This may include job satisfaction and disillusionment. Leaders should make it clear that nursing profession should not be perceived based on individual commitment since it requires in depth knowledge of illness, suitable treatment, appropriate managerial skills, and emotional strength (Gordon, 2005). There is need to reveal a definite employment brand in the nursing profession. In order to enhance the dedication of nurses so that they can become industrious members of the workforce, job satisfaction is necessary. The nursing leaders should develop a retention committee that will address sensitive issues such as improving job satisfaction and endorsement. Moreover, it is the responsibility of leaders to create and maintain a favorable environment. This allows the connection of employees with the organization. This enhances recruitment as well as retention of nurses. The nurse leaders can also examine the process of hiring new nurses, and maintain efficient communication with them as a way of enhancing employee contribution. The organization leaders must be keen on the perceptions of nurses for them to respond to the needs of nurses promptly. Managers need to provide rewards and recognize the effort of nurses because it assists in

The Level Of Education System Between India

The Level Of Education System Between India The project provides valuable information on the research work undertaken on the subject To know the difference between the level of education system between UK and India as a part of country report work during semester abroad programme (SAP). The research was conducted on the basis of primary data and secondary data. A questionnaire was structured to obtain desired information. With the sample size of 50 personal interviews was conducted in Student mansion and Birkeck University to know what perspective do the Indian students have towards the education level of both India as well as UK and a basic secondary research was undertaken to understand the education level of both India as well as UK. The data collected was tabulated, analyzed and then followed by findings and recommendations. The study suggested that although the study material is the same in both the countries but the pattern of teaching differs. Thus the Indian students who come to UK to study has an opinion that the stud ies conducted here are more practical based and gives them a greater insight and understanding. INTRODUCTION This report pertains to the country report which was a part of the Semester abroad proramme (SAP) provided by Amity London Business School. The basic purpose of this country report is to provide students with an exposure of analyzing the country, to identify variations in both the countries that is in India and UK and thus choosing a topic of their interest in order to conduct a research. With the help of this country report students develop different skills in terms of creative thinking, communication skills, behavioral skills, technical skills, interpersonal skills, etc. thus the institute has provided students to do a country report. The country report was conducted on to know the difference between the education system between India and UK. The word education has arrived from the world educere which means to bring about what is already in. As Swami Vivekananda said, Education is the manifestation of perfection, already present in man. The basic purpose of education is to notice talent proactively and the purpose of school education is to guide the childs discovery of himself, to identify and nurture his potential to the fullest. Teachers must perceive children as seeds to be nurtured and not as clay to be molded. They must act as gardeners and not as potters. This attitude must be change and if it does so would the education system. It is very essential that education should be based on application and intelligence instead of trying to test the memory of knowledge. Memory doesnt have much relevance in todays times given the volume of information which is available on the internet. It is the application of information that matters and to be tested. Students must be taught the difference between being wise and being knowledgeable; being well informed and being intelligent. People must be cautious of Information pollution which comes along with globalization and which often blurs the difference between knowledge and wisdom. The education system must encourage the students to imagine and invent and not reinvent the same wheel. Each students imagination is different and, therefore, he has to be guided correctly to choose his occupation in life. There is no denying in the fact that a person who has found his vocation in life is a blessed human being. Education in India: A superior education system is of primary importance to a nation and for a nation like India which is growing, it is of great importance to reflect on our present education system and incorporate sustainable changes in it, to make it compatible with the global dynamism. The education which is been provided in India is via Public sector and Private Sector, which is been controlled and funded by three levels i.e. the central, state and Local. The University of Nalanda is the oldest system of education in the world. Majority of the universities in India are been controlled by the Union and the state government. Western education became more embedded into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. India has made a great progress in terms of increasing the primary education attendance rate and thus has expanded the literacy rate to approximately two third of the population. As the education has enhanced in India this has led to an increase in the economic rise in India. The private education in India constitutes to just 5% although in terms of value estimated is $40 billion in 2008 and which will increase to $68 $70 billion by 2012. Though the education system of India has improved still 25% of the population is illiterate in India, 15% who make it to high school, graduate. Indias post secondary education offers only 7% of Indias age population. 25% of the seats are vacant nationwide and 57% of the college professors lack either a masters or PhD degree. Indias higher education is the 2nd largest after the United States. The main governing body at the tertiary level is the (UGC) i.e. University grants commission which helps in maintaining the standard, advices the government and it helps in the coordination between the centre and the state. The Indian education system has expanded at a very vast and a quick pace by adding 20,000 colleges and more than 8 million students in a decade from 2000 01 to 2010 11. As of 20122, India has over 42 central universities, 275 state universities, 130 deemed universities, 90 private universities, 5 institutions established and functioning under the state Act and 33 institutes of national importance. Other institutions include 33,000 colleges at government degree colleges and private degree colleges. The system of Education in India is highly similar to that of the Anglo Sazon countries. The following are the stages: Nursery Primary Class ( 1 to class 5) Secondary ( class 6 to class 10) Senior Secondary (class 11 Class 12) Graduation (Arts and commerce 3 years, professional 4 years, Medical 5 years) Post graduation (1/2 3 years) The present scenario of the Indian Education system: The present Indian educational system is the implantation of the British rules. Today India is said to be the communication hub and hence it has become very popular with the international students from all around the world. The Indian education has become highly attractive because of its forward thinking, its popularity with large multinational companies, and also because of English being the most common language of communication. According to Peter Ducker, India has become a super power house very fast, the medical school in Delhi is now said to be perhaps the best in the world. The technical graduates of the Indian institute of technology, Bangalore are as good as any in the world. Also India has 150 million people for whom English is the main language so indeed India is becoming a knowledge center. Education In UK: Education in UK is a devolved matter with all of the countries of UK having separate systems under separate governments: that is the UK government is responsible for England, and the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, respectively. UK offers an inclusive range of academic and vocational qualifications in virtually all field and subject for students of all stages and ages of their education. A wide range of institutions or universities in Uk offers courses in each level from schools, colleges and higher education. In all the levels other than the primary education students can choose to study towards the wide variety of different qualifications. Education in UK is mandatory for everyone between the ages of 5 and 16 and it is been provided by 2 kinds of schools: state 0 funded schools and independent/ fee charging schools. In the highly competitive global economy the educational performance of the UK population is below the standard of the best performing OECD countries. This is reflected in the UKs relatively low secondary school completion rates. It is because of the current situation of the secondary school system has led to the creation of new diplomas to provide young students with alternative routes into continuing education and work. In higher education sphere there are 169 British Universities offering world class studies to 2.4 million young people, around 1 in 8 of whom comes from overseas .The UK is the second largest provider of higher education for international students. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The study has been conducted with the following objectives in mind: To know the opinion of Indian students studying in the UK on education system of UK and India. Which education system provides with greater insight and understanding. To identify which education system will provides with more practical knowledge. Which education system provides with greater value and opportunities for future? PROBLEM STATEMENT: To analyze the difference of management education system between India and UK METHODOLOGY: METHODOLOGY: The study was undertaken by using both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire which was personally canvassed. Around 50 Indian students were surveyed to understand the opinion of Indian students on the education system of UK and India. All the students interviewed were between the age group of 18 to 25 years. The questionnaire contained questions related to education system in India and UK. Primary data was also collected by doing a Face to Face In- depth survey of the students to get the insight of the students regarding their opinion towards the education system of India and UK. Secondary data was collected through internet, newspaper, magazine etc. Secondary data will help in analyzing the education system in both the countries. Sampling: The samples of 50 Indian students have been collected from the student mansion and Birkbeck University for Quantitative research and sample of 5 has been take for face to face survey of the students. Sample Size: The sample size of 50 has been collected in which there will be a structured questionnaire and sample of 5 has been chosen for qualitative survey. The study requires and in depth survey so as to know the insight of the students regarding the education system in both the countries. PRIMARY RESEARCH: Primary research was undertaken by doing a survey of 50 International students. A structured questionnaire was prepared on questions relating to education system in UK and India. Graphical representation of the survey Which countries teaching do you prefer? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 22 22*100/50 44% UK 28 28*100/50 56% Analysis: The project was undertaken to analyze the opinion of Indian students towards the education system of UK and India with a sample size of 50 students, the respondents were asked which country classroom teaching do they prefer? 22 out of 50 responded India i.e. 44%. And 28 out of 50 responded UK i.e. 56%. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that the Indian students who have experienced the education system of both the countries that is UK and India prefer UK teaching methodology. Which education system provides you with greater practical knowledge? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 15 15*100/50 30% UK 35 35*100/50 70% Analysis: Since out of 50 sample size chosen, 15 out of 50 i.e. 30% responded that Indian education provides then with less practical knowledge and 35 out of 50 i.e. 70% responded that UK education provides them with greater practical knowledge. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that the education in UK is more practical based and provides students with more insight and understanding about the topic which will help the students in the competitive world in the near future after the completion of their course. 2.1) If UK, why do you find this education system more practical based? FREQUENCY More of industrial visits 29 Class room based activity 12 Primary research assignment 17 Role plays 20 Others 7 Analysis: In the above (2) question when asked which education provides you with greater practical knowledge 70% students responded UK. When asked why they find UK education system more practical based. Out of 50 students, 29 students responded there are more of industrial visits, 12 responded because of class room based activity, 17 responded because of primary research assignment, 20 responded because of role plays. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that maximum students who find UK education more practical based is because there are more number of industrial visits, primary research assignments, classroom based activity etc. 2.2) If India , why do you find this education system more practical based? FREQUENCY More of industrial visits 14 Class room based activity 12 Primary research assignment 7 Role plays 28 Others 19 Analysis: In the above (2) question when asked which education provides you with greater practical knowledge 30% students responded India. When asked why they find Indian education system more practical based. Out of 50 students, 14 students responded there are more of industrial visits, 12 responded because of class room based activity, 7 responded because of primary research assignment, 28 responded because of role plays. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that in India there is not much of practical based studies for students. There is less number of field trips, primary research assignments and classroom based activity. What according to you should India adapt from UK teaching? FREQUENCY Openness 27 Citing practical examples 35 Improvement in technological advancement 22 Others 13 Analysis: Out of the 50 students surveyed, when asked what should India adapt from UK classroom teaching, 27 students responded openness in terms of interaction with the faculty, asking them questions etc. 35 students responded that the faculty in India should cite more of practical examples rather than bookish knowledge.22 students responded that there should be improvement in the technology .and 13 students responded others. How far is India lagging behind in comparison to UK in terms of use of technology? FREQUENCY CALCULATE PERCENTAGE Very Much 18 18*100/50 36% Not so much 25 25*100/50 50% Not at all 7 7*100/50 14% Analysis: since out of the 50 sample size chosen, when students were asked does India lag behind in terms of technology 18 out of 50 i.e. 36% responded very much, 25 out of 50 i.e. 50 % responded not so much and 7 out of 50 i.e. 14% responded not at all. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that India requires improvement in technology. Which education system is more liberal in teaching? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 15 15*100/50 30% UK 35 35*100/50 70% Analysis: Out of the sample size of 50, when students were asked which education system they find more liberal, 15 out of 50 i.e. 30% responded India and 35 out of 50 i.e. 70% responded UK. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that UK is more liberal in its attitude as compared to India. Which education system do you find more exam oriented? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage Indian education system 31 31*50/100 63% UK education system 29 29*50/100 37% Analysis: Out of the sample size of 50, when asked which education system you find more exams oriented? 31 out of 50 i.e. 63% responded that Indian education system is exam oriented and rest 29 out of 50 i.e. 37% responded that UK education system is less exam oriented. Therefore from the above analysis it states that because of the pressure from the faculty and parents or to get a good placement in future marks are essential and hence a lot of importance is given to exams in India where as on the other hand in UK they focus more on understanding of the subject rather than cramming up on the topic and writing in the exam. In which country do you get more acknowledgement and respect to your views and opinions? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 11 11*100/50 21% UK 39 39*100/50 79% Analysis: from the survey conducted, when students were asked in which country you find more comfortable to express your views and opinions? 11 out of 50 i.e. 21% students responded in India and 39 out of 50 i.e. 79% responded in UK. Hence from the above analysis it states that students find it more comfortable to express their views and ideas in UK. An idea or opinion which is been stated by a particular student is appreciated as people here are more open to ideas and are not conservative. Which country provides you with greater opportunities for future? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 33 33*100/50 66% UK 17 17*100/50 34% Analysis: From the survey conducted, when the students were surveyed which country provides them with greater opportunities for future 33 out of 50 responded India and 17 out of 50 responded UK. Therefore from the above analysis it is clear that India provides with greater opportunities in terms of future growth. Which curriculum is more managed and structured? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 22 22*100/50 44% UK 28 28*100/50 56% Analysis: The survey that was conducted, when the students were asked which curriculum do they find more managed and structured? 22 out of 50 i.e India and 28 out of 50 i.e. 56% responded UK. Thus from the above analysis it shows that the study pattern is more organized in UK as compared to India. In which country would you advice your friends, family for studies? Country Frequency Calculate Percentage India 21 21*100/50 42% UK 29 29*100/50 58% Analysis: Out of the 50 students that were surveyed, when students were asked in which country would you prefer your friends and family for studies? 22 out of 50 i.e. 44% responded India and 28 out of 50 i.e. 56% responded UK. Thus from the above analysis it shows that students would prefer their friends and family to study in UK over India. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: Face to face in- depth survey was conducted of 5 students in order to know the insight of the students. Unstructured questions were asked to students in order to know what they feel about the education system of UK and India. The following are the view points of the students: As compared to India students find UK education is more practical based in terms of visiting industrial. The example that was cited by the students was that back in India they have studied the theoretical perspective of the subject. But when they went for industrial visit here they could relate what they had studied in the past and could thus apply in future when they work for an organization. They got to know about the various lines of processes. Students mentioned how class room activity helps them to think out of the box. Students in UK have given a stipulated time and in that time frame they need to come up with a role play where in they have to come up with a solution of the problem. This enables the students to think swiftly and think in other directions. They even mentioned how case studies are given in each class after the theoretical summary about the subject. Real time cases are been given to students so that students can read the entire case and thus analyze the situation and thus discussing the problem in class and providing solution for the same. The students have mentioned about technology which is more advanced in UK as compared to India. In UK everything can be operated on the podium starting from switching off the lights, opening and shutting the window chick, the projector screen etc which saves a lot of time. They have spoken about how liberal UK is in its attitude while teaching. The faculty here believes in breaking the standard barrier of thinking in one direction and to think in various directions for proving a solution to a problem. Some of the students have even mentioned that even if in UK the emphasis on exams is not to that extent as compared to India, this even leads to students not taking exams seriously. Even though understanding of the subject is essential a base for the subject is essential which can be acquired by reading the theory. Hence students feel emphasis on exams should give to acquire more in depth knowledge. Students when surveyed mentioned that more opportunities for future placement for a job and for future growth is more seen in India as compared to India. FINDINGS: From the above research conducted by Quantitative and Qualitative the following are the findings: The Education System of UK is more practical based as compared to India as it provides students with more to industrial visit which helps the students to gain knowledge about the processes and workings that are undertaken. In UK they find their ideas and views to be acknowledged and respected and are even appreciated thus motivating the students to accomplish what they desire in future. The faculty in UK provides students with their real life experiences rather than the giving bookish example. Students find the opportunity for job or placement in India as compared to UK. The opportunity for future growth is seen in India as compared to UK. The education system in UK ensures students to have great amount of exposure in terms of solving case studies, class room activity on an everyday basis. On contrary the education system in India ensures students to participate more in role plays rather than field trips. The attitude in expressing views and opinions in Indian education system lacks openness. There is lack of technical advancement in India as compared to UK which saves a lot of time and energy of students and faculty as well. The education system in India is more exam oriented as compared to UK which is in a way vital as the students will not take their studies liberally. RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESSTIONS: In India students must be taken to various Industrial visits in order to get them a greater insight of the working of management processes, working inside the organization. Indian Education system must have brainstorming sessions for students so that they can think out of the box and express their opinions and views. Indian Education system must have brainstorming sessions for students so that they can think out of the box and express their opinions and views. As compared to UK, India is lagging behind technology. Hence use of technology in a better way to enhance the learning experience of students thus saving time, cost and energy. There should be many more courses in India which concentrates on research fields only for the companies. As India is more exam oriented than UK, UK education system should have more emphasis on exam this would increase their knowledge to a great extent. ANNEXURE 1 QUESTIONNARE NAME: COURSE: Which countries teaching do you prefer? INDIA UK Which education system provides you with greater practical knowledge? INDIA UK 2.1) If UK, why do you find this education system more practical based? More of Industrial Visits Class room based activity Primary based assignment Role plays Other ) If India , why do you find this education system more practical based? More of Industrial Visits Class room based activity Primary based assignment Role plays Other What according to you should India adapt from UK teaching? Openness Citing Practical examples Improvement in technological advancement Others How far is India lagging behind in comparison to UK in terms of use of technology? Very Much Not so much Not at all Which education system is more liberal in teaching? INDIA UK Which education system do you find more exam oriented? Indian education system UK Education System In which country do you get more acknowledgement and respect to your views and opinions? INDIA UK Which country provides you with greater opportunities for future? INDIA UK Which curriculum is more managed and structured? INDIA UK In which country would you advice your friends, family for studies? INDIA UK